LEEP knife, also known as ultra-high frequency radiofrequency knife, is a specialized technique developed in recent years for minimally invasive diagnosis and treatment of cervical diseases. It is a high-frequency electric wave of 3.8 megahertz generated by the tip of the electrode. After contact with the body, due to the impedance of the tissue itself, it absorbs this high-frequency electric wave and instantly generates high heat.

LEEP knife adopts directional radio frequency wave emission technology, which directly excites liquid polar molecules in the tissue to produce plasma oscillation in the local radio frequency field of the emitting electrode. The molecular bonds are broken, and a fine and minimally invasive cutting effect can be achieved at low temperatures (40 ℃~70 ℃). The molecular wave vibration friction thermal effect is used for hemostasis, tissue ablation and contraction.

High frequency radio knife is a surgical procedure that uses a high-frequency radio knife to pass LOOP metal wire and generate 3.8 MHz ultra-high frequency (microwave) waves from the electrode tip. At the moment of contact with body tissue, the tissue itself generates impedance, absorbs the waves, and generates high heat, causing the water inside the cells to form steam waves to complete various cutting, hemostasis, and other surgical purposes. However, it does not affect the pathological examination of the tissue at the edge of the incision. The principle of high-frequency electric knife is different from that of traditional electric knife: traditional electric knife achieves surgical goals by generating high heat due to the impedance of the electrode itself and the current passing through it, with an output frequency of 0.3-1.0 MHz. The heat energy converted by the high-frequency electric knife's radio frequency is generated inside the tissue, and a sine wave is generated by the radio frequency to oscillate the water inside the cell, produce heat evaporation, and cause the cells in contact with the emitter to rupture and separate the tissue, while the radio frequency emitter itself does not generate heat.

Having an antenna board that is different from a negative electrode board, does not require skin contact, does not allow current to pass through the human body, has no possibility of burns, and has high safety; The electrode is fine, non heating, precise cutting, thermal damage less than 15 microns, no lateral heat conduction, no lateral tissue burns, truly minimally invasive, and does not affect pathological examination; Pressure free cutting, flexible and precise surgery; No carbonization, less smoke, less bleeding, no adhesion, clear field of view; Reduced pain, fewer scars left, less bleeding, and faster postoperative healing; The treatment features include multiple types of electrodes, short surgical time, and wide treatment range.

Regarding the scope of LEEP surgery, according to literature reports, if the lesion is ≥ 2.5 cm, cone cutting should be performed, and the cone cutting range should exceed 1mm of normal tissue. Based on the experience of treating CIN with carbon dioxide laser, it has been found that depth affects the cure rate. The average depth of CIN involving cervical glands is 1.24mm, with the deepest being 5.22mm. The depth of laser treatment has increased from 3mm to 5mm, and the cure rate of lesions has also increased from 68% to 87%. This study proposes that, The ideal depth for LEEP cervical conization is around 7mm. According to literature reports, a needle type electrode was repeatedly inserted into the cervical canal at a depth of 1.5cm to destroy lesions inside the canal. This improvement improved the cure rate and reduced the duration of lesions to 2.7%. This study proposes a LEEP conization cervical management with a depth of approximately 15mm. The results indicate that LEEP cone cutting surgery applicable to this range is more time-saving, labor-saving, and safe than traditional electric knife cone cutting surgery. For LEEP biopsy, the results of this study confirm that cervical depth of 4mm and cervical canal depth of 4mm can achieve diagnostic and therapeutic effects while avoiding excessive tissue resection, which is superior to cervical forceps biopsy. Specifically, there are:

1. Cytology or vaginal colposcopy biopsy suspected of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN);

Especially when suspecting CIN II-III.

2. Suspected early invasive or in situ cervical cancer.

3. Long term untreated chronic cervicitis.

4. For those with persistent CIN or inconvenience in CIN follow-up.

5. CCT indicates ASCUS or symptomatic cervical eversion.

6. Cervical canal vegetation (large polyps, multiple polyps, large cysts, etc.);

7. Cervical genital warts.

8. Cervical CIN combined with genital warts.

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