The atmospheric ozone layer has three main functions. One is for maintenance purposes, the ozone layer can absorb sunlight.
The ultraviolet radiation with a wavelength below 306.3nm is mainly composed of a local UV-B (wavelength 290-300nm) and all UV-C (wavelength 290nm), which protect humans, animals, and plants on Earth from the harm of short wave ultraviolet radiation. As long as long as long wave ultraviolet UV-A and a small amount of medium wave ultraviolet UV-B can radiate into the air, the damage of long wave ultraviolet radiation to biological cells is much more subtle than that of medium wave ultraviolet radiation. Therefore, the ozone layer is like a protective umbrella that maintains the survival and reproduction of organisms on Earth. The second is the heating effect, where ozone absorbs ultraviolet radiation from sunlight and converts it into thermal energy to heat the atmosphere. Due to this effect, the atmospheric temperature structure has a peak at an altitude of about 50km, and there is a warming layer at an altitude of 15-50km above the Earth. The existence of the stratosphere is due to the presence of ozone. And planets outside of Earth do not have a stratosphere because ozone and oxygen do not exist. The temperature structure of the atmosphere has a significant impact on its circulation, and the reason for this phenomenon also comes from the high dispersion of ozone. The third is the role of greenhouse gases, and the role of ozone is equally important at the bottom of the convective layer in the upper troposphere, where temperatures are very low. If the ozone at this altitude decreases, it will generate the power to lower the air temperature. Therefore, the high dispersion and variation of ozone are extremely important.
The ozone in the stratosphere absorbs a large amount of ultraviolet radiation (240-329 nanometers, known as UV-B wavelength) emitted by the sun, which is harmful to humans, animals, and plants, providing a barrier for the Earth to avoid the harmful effects of ultraviolet radiation. On the other hand, ozone spreads throughout the entire troposphere and plays a detrimental role as a greenhouse gas. Ozone depletion in the stratosphere mainly occurs through dynamic migration to the troposphere, where most of the active catalytic substrates and carrier molecules are obtained, leading to chemical reactions and consumption. Ozone mainly undergoes homologous gas-phase reactions with the active free radicals contained in HOX, NOX, ClOX, and BrOX.

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